Free Will: Is It an Illusion?

Free Will: Is It an Illusion? - Clarence Darrow thought so
Clarence Darrow in 1925

Did you decide to read this article, or do you just think you made that decision? Do you have the ability to choose or reject any action? When we hear about someone murdering another person or a group of people, did that person choose to do it? Those who deny that we have free will argue that we cannot make our own decisions because the molecules in our brain neurons, our environment, and circumstances control us. This is the view held by atheists such as Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris, and the late Stephen Hawking.

Those who deny the existence of free will are materialists, believing that matter is all that exists. What we call our mind is merely the accidental activity of atoms and molecules in our nerve cells. Since these accidents direct our actions, free will is just an illusion. The atheist attorney Clarence Darrow, of Scopes trial fame, wrote, “It has been generally assumed that man was created different from all the rest of animal life; that man alone was endowed with a soul and with the power to tell good from evil; … that man not only knew good from evil, but was endowed with “free will,” and had the power to choose between good and evil…As a matter of fact, every scientific man knows that the origin of life is quite different from this; that the whole current conception of the individual and his responsibility is a gross error…”

Darrow’s views stem from his belief in materialistic evolution. We must ask, “If we have no free will to choose our actions, why do we think we do?” Of course, the atheist would say that blind and undirected evolution has planted within us the illusion that we can make free will choices. If we are nothing but accidental collections of atoms, the mind is an illusion, and free will cannot be possible. If what we perceive as design in the natural world is only an illusion, then free will is also an illusion. If there is an ultimate MIND that created this universe, life, and our minds, that would explain why we see design in the universe, our solar system, planet Earth, life, and our bodies. If God does not exist, there is no design, no purpose, and no free will.

As I consider this scenario, I wonder how anyone can truly live life believing there is no design, purpose, or free will. Most casual atheists probably have not considered the implications of their worldview, or they choose not to dwell on them. They simply say, “There is no God, so just enjoy life.” But how can you choose to enjoy life if you have no real choice? It seems to me that this whole atheist mindset, worldview, philosophy—whatever you want to call it—denies reality. Design in the universe and in nature is real, and so is our ability to choose. Therefore, choose wisely.

— Roland Earnst © 2025

Reference: “Crime: Its Cause and Treatment” by Clarence Darrow

Marijuana Use by Older Adults

Marijuana Use by Older Adults

Researchers at the University of Michigan found that in 2024, 21% of adults aged 50 and older used cannabis in some form, from smoking to consuming edibles. Here in southwestern Michigan, the number of stores where you can walk in and buy edibles is the same as picking up a candy treat at the supermarket. Within 15 miles of my house, there are 10 dispensary outlets selling various forms of over-the-counter cannabis. There’s a common misconception that if something can be bought in a store, it must not be harmful, but the facts on marijuana use by older adults dispute that.

A study of emergency room visits in California from 2005 to 2019 found a 1,804% increase in cannabis-related ER visits among people aged 65 and over. In Canada, cannabis was legalized in 2020, and ER visits by older adults have skyrocketed since then. Marijuana use by older adults may suggest they are unaware of the significant increase in potency of pot products compared to their younger days.

The use of marijuana dates back as far as 2,700 B.C. Marijuana is a drug, and any drug can have side effects that vary from person to person. Recreational drugs often cause problems with medications a person may be taking. The fact is that using marijuana in any form is risky, and there is still much we don’t understand about the long-term effects of this popular drug.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: AARP Bulletin for July/August 2025, page 32.

The Power to Change

The Power to Change

One of the greatest barriers to improving things in our world today is resistance to change. Without needed change, situations deteriorate and human misery increases. This is true on every level, from moral to political. Racism of the past must be abandoned, as does anti-Christian and anti-Jewish hatred. What society needs is the power to change.

The Bible’s key concept on this subject is “repentance.” Repentance is not confessing everything you did that was wrong. Repentance means changing the way you think. In Acts 2:38, Peter gave the key to having God’s Spirit work in our lives. Many preachers emphasized the baptism part of what Peter said, and the result is that people got wet with no change in their lives. They totally missed the power to change.

Peter’s message was, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and you shall receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.” The Holy Spirit is God living in us and giving us the power to change. The first step to achieving a meaningful life change is to change the way you think. If you don’t change how you think, baptism is meaningless.

The Bible is full of stories about men who changed their way of thinking. Moses changed from a weak Egyptian prince to a leader of Israel. Jonah changed from a man running from God to a spokesman to Nineveh. Peter changed from a denier to a proclaimer, and Paul changed from a persecutor to a preacher. Change is not easy, and it can take time to change old habits.

The journey to change begins with thinking differently, allowing the Holy Spirit to work within us, and then acting on what God has called you to do. Those Biblical examples are beyond most of us, but God has a purpose for everyone. God doesn’t create any junk, but He also doesn’t force us to accept the ministry He calls us to. Your calling may be in agriculture or industry. It may be helping someone with physical, mental, or emotional needs. It may be raising or teaching children.

God gives us the power to change, but it doesn’t happen until we change our thinking.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Sextortion Scam and Teenagers

Sextortion Scam and Teenagers

If you have a teenage son or grandson, you should be aware of a sextortion scam that has caused 30 suicide deaths of young men and countless struggles for many more. In this scam, a teen boy receives a message from someone who appears to be a teenage girl suggesting that someone they both know has told her to contact him. When they strike up a conversation, the scammer suggests that they exchange nude pictures, usually on a second app such as Snapchat or WhatsApp or in a private text message.

Once the boy does that, blackmail starts. The scammer tells him that he must send money or his nude photos will be sent to mutual contacts or friends on social media. The blackmailer accuses the male teen of being a criminal for exposing himself, and he will be put on a sex offender list.

This situation is tempting for a teen male who has hormones flowing. A nude picture of an attractive teenage girl is the bait. Teens who have grown up in a single-parent home are especially vulnerable to this scam, and those who work with teens need to be aware of it.

Churches must provide guidance on moral issues affecting teenagers. Years ago, I tried such a class with a woman teaching the girls and me teaching the boys. It was challenging and drew both praise and flak from parents. With social media today, such classes have become increasingly essential and more difficult.

There are resources providing help concerning this sextortion scam. Parents wanting to know what is available can contact this ministry at 269-687-9426 or 800-843-5678. Also, for many tips and resources, click THIS LINK to see a USA Today article by Rachel Hale and Veronica Bravo titled “What to do if you’re a victim.”

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Collateral Damage of Cohabitation

Collateral Damage of Cohabitation

If you listen to today’s music, whether country, heavy metal, folk, or pop, you will hear that “hooking up” is the thing to do. Television shows and movies add to the commercialization of sex, so we see the collateral damage of cohabitation in the entire entertainment industry.

Roughly 20.1 million couples in the United States live with an unmarried partner. That is approximately 8% of U.S. couples, most of whom are in the 25- to 34-year-old age group. According to Pew Research, by double digits, married adults are more likely to trust their spouse or partner to be faithful to them, to act in their best interest, to always tell them the truth, and to handle money responsibly. That means those who are cohabiting may never experience the complete joy and commitment that God intended for the marriage relationship.

Not only do the participants in cohabitation not know the security or commitment that comes from God’s design for marriage, but they also lose the structure of the nuclear family as God intended. Children grow up living with constant change in their home situation. Those of us who have been foster parents or have adopted children know how hard that is for the kids.

The collateral damage of cohabitation is a worldwide tragedy, with drugs, including alcohol and marijuana, catalyzing the instability of these relationships. Every culture in which marriage and family disintegrate is doomed to collapse. Will America learn from history or repeat it? 

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: pewresearch.org

The Value of Fathers

The Value of Fathers

Father’s Day brings to mind the value of fathers. Scientific research recently verified something that should not have been a surprise. The study involved scholars from the University of Virginia, Hampton University, and others. The conclusion was that children who have “actively involved fathers” do significantly better academically, emotionally, and behaviorally.

What is an actively engaged father? According to the study, those fathers manage parenting obligations “very well” and regularly share meals with their families at least four times a week. The study found no difference between fathers of different races. It is not the skin color that matters, but rather how actively the father is involved with his children. The educational level also did not affect the value of fathers.

What difference does marriage make? The study revealed that 51% of children with married parents had fathers who were highly engaged. That was the case in only 15% of children who had cohabiting parents.

What is the value of fathers who are actively engaged? The difference they make is in three areas: grades, behavior, and depression. Girls with fathers who are involved in their lives were 8% more likely to have better grades and only one-tenth as likely to be diagnosed with depression. In other words, a supportive father has a profound effect on a girl’s emotional well-being.

For boys, the value of fathers relates more closely to behavioral support. Boys with engaged fathers were 13% less likely to have behavioral issues in school compared to those with non-engaged fathers.

This study analyzed data on children in Virginia; however, the same findings are likely to hold true in other states and even different countries. The family is God’s design, and the greatest success in life results when a married father and mother are wholly committed to each other and work together to support their children. (See Ephesians 6:4.)

— Roland Earnst © 2025

References: Fox News and The National Marriage Project

The Plague of Pornography

The Plague of Pornography

One of the challenges facing America today is the plague of pornography, which the internet has made easily accessible. Sadly, The Christian Chronicle reported on studies by Barna and Pure Desire Ministries showing that there is very little difference between the use of pornography by the general public and Christians.

Christians seem to think that adultery and fornication are the same thing, but that isn’t true. The Greek word for adultery is “moicheuo” and for fornication is “porneuo.” Some Bible passages use both words. For example, in 1 Corinthians 6:9, Paul warns those who will “not inherit the kingdom of God” and lists both adulterers and fornicators.

Adultery is a sexual act between two people who are married to someone else. Fornication is a sin stemming from the heart. In Matthew 15:9 Jesus said, “For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies: these are the things which defile a man…”

Young people who are Christians need to understand that the use of pornography is a sin they must avoid, even though their peers are engaged in it. The use of pornography by youth leaders is one of the reasons why young people leave the Church. I have been criticized for speaking on this, but the plague of pornography is a major problem in the Church today.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: christianchronicle.org/episodes 109 and 110.

Foster Care and Adoption

Foster Care and Adoption

As the father of three children to whom I am not biologically related, I can appreciate the challenges faced by 369,000 children (2022 data) who find themselves separated from their biological parents. Some have said that the most significant pain a woman has is not the physical pain of giving birth but the psychological pain of raising a child to adulthood. Because of that, 62% of children removed from their homes and placed in foster care are removed because of neglect. Raising a child is difficult, and an overwhelming number of men in our culture are simply too weak to participate in raising a child. That number grows yearly, meaning that single moms raise more and more children.

The other problem involved in the lives of foster kids is that the average length of time a child remains in foster care is two years. Only 7% of foster kids spend five years or more in foster care and only 9% transition from foster care to adulthood. An interesting fact about foster kids is that virtually none of them are raised in homes where atheism dominates the foster parents. If you believe that this life is all you have, why would you give up any of it to raise a child who isn’t yours? I recently raised that point with an atheist couple. They responded that they had a dog, which was all the love they needed. 

Jesus Christ had a lot to say about children. In Matthew 18:5, Christ says, “And whosoever gives welcome to one of these little ones receives me, but whosoever corrupts one of these little ones would be better off to have a millstone hung around his neck and be drowned in the sea.”

God has given every human being a way to serve and make their life count for good. Some men and women have the gift of giving children love and care. The biggest problem in foster care is that some people use it solely as a source of income, and the child simply moves from one source of neglect to another. One of my children was in foster care for six months, and the foster parents loved him so much that they asked to adopt him. The state officials did not feel it was in the child’s best interest to be in their care. However, when we came to pick up the baby for adoption, they asked if they could continue to have contact with the child.

It takes incredible strength for a woman who has given birth to a baby to turn that child over to someone else to raise. Many women cannot do it even if they know it is best for the child. As it turned out, this child had multiple congenital disabilities. We had a close relationship with the foster parents and built a house next door to them. Our adopted son lived for 50 years, and we were all blessed by the experience. That is what foster care should be. The details of this story are available in a booklet titled “Timothy, My Son and My Teacher.”

— John N. Clayton © 2025

“Not Religious” Young People

Not Religious

In 1990, 8% of people aged 18-29 said they were “not religious.” In 2020, 42% of the same age group claimed their religion as “none.” Dr Ken Woodward retired after 38 years as a religion editor for Newsweek. He has reviewed a new book by Dr. Christian Smith titled Why Religion Went Obsolete. Woodward points out that other identities have superseded the claim that I am Catholic or Jewish or any other religious identification, including “Christian.” It is my experience that even those who attend a church service will not identify to their peers that they are Christians. Now, our population uses new identity titles such as “I’m female,” “I’m Democrat,” “I’m MAGA,” or “I’m LGBTQ.”  

One of the great tragedies of “not religious” young people is the enormous collateral damage in terms of morality. In 1955, when you said something, no one would believe you were lying. Today, lying is common at all levels. For the “not religious,” sex has become a drug of choice, especially among those who don’t use chemical substances. The notion that a man and woman would not have sexual relations until they were married is considered archaic. For many, marriage is a financial arrangement open to being dissolved at any time by either party.

Proverbs 14:34 says, “Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a disgrace to any people.” The history of ancient Israel given in the Old Testament shows us loud and clear that when people forget God and His teaching, the nation collapses. There is enormous documentation of what brought about the collapse of the Roman empire, and the question for America today is whether we will profit from or repeat the lessons of ancient history.

One bright spot is that books like Christian Smith’s new book, which is subtitled The Demise of Traditional Faith in America, are getting some attention from modern readers. Christian Smith is a scholar, a sociology professor, and the principal investigator for the Global Religion Research Initiative at Notre Dame University.

We would add our small voice to the outcry of real scholars in America, begging our countrymen to wake up before our “not religious” children and grandchildren lose the freedom that made America great.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: “Out of Practice” in Notre Dame Magazine for Spring 2025, pages 19-25.

Life Isn’t Fair

Life Isn’t Fair

I am sure you have noticed that life isn’t fair. When my daughter was young, she felt it was unfair for her friends to have so much in the way of clothes, cars, money, and food when we had so little. She was especially bitter when I plowed up our front yard so that we could raise enough food to make it through the winter. While her friends went to fancy restaurants, we ate at McDonald’s only on special occasions. We made applesauce with the Lodi apples from a tree we had planted in our yard and sweetened it with saccharine because my wife was diabetic. My daughter would say, “My friends buy applesauce at the grocery store, and we have to make our own. It isn’t fair!”

When my daughter was in high school, she saw her non-Christian friends driving expensive cars to school when she had to ride the school bus. The disparity in wealth has not changed, as the rich continue to get richer, often at the expense of the poor. Jesus Christ said, “In this world you will have trouble. But take heart! I have overcome the world” (John 16:13).  

My daughter attended a Christian college in Texas, where she had professors who knew her by name and often invited her to their homes. Her friends attended private universities where they sat in classes with several hundred other students and had no personal relationship with their professors. They dealt with graduate students who were required to work with them as part of their stipends. Many of the friends who had money, cars, and fancy houses have had enormous problems with drugs, alcohol, broken marriages, and mental illness. Her friends find it incredible that our marriage lasted 49 years and only ended when my wife died.

In the “Sermon on the Mount,” Jesus instructed His disciples not to worry about food, water, or clothing (Matthew 6:25-34) because God would provide for them. He began this discussion by saying, “You cannot serve God and money,” because holding to one means despising the other (Verse 24). Life isn’t fair, but God meets our basic needs. The reward for Christians is the fact that after this life, we will have an existence so wonderful that it will surpass anything on Earth. 

Those who reject God have nothing when this life is over. In Luke 16:19-31, Jesus tells the story of the rich man and a beggar named Lazarus. When the rich man dies, he has nothing but suffering, and Lazarus is in Abraham’s bosom. The rich man wants Lazarus to help him, but he is told that life isn’t fair. He had good things in life, while Lazarus had evil things. Now Lazarus is comforted, and the rich man is in pain. The bottom line is that life isn’t fair, but Christians have the ultimate reward in eternity.

— John N. Clayton © 2025