The Church Worshiping Together

The Church Worshiping Together

These thoughts were inspired by a good friend who said, “I get a lot more out of sitting on a log in the woods and listening to the birds than I do out of sitting in a pew and listening to a preacher.” Yesterday, we looked at some reasons why the Church needs to gather in prayer. Today, we explore some other benefits of the Church worshiping together.

Worship is not a spectator sport! Every command related to music in worship involves the individual participating in a shared activity. (See Romans 15:9; 1 Corinthians 14:15; Ephesians 5:19; and Colossians 3:16.) Jesus prayed for unity among His followers, and singing together is one of the most unifying things we can do. The purpose is not to entertain God or people. By singing together, we unify, encourage, and build up one another.

The Lord’s Supper, also known as communion, serves as a means to encourage and edify one another. It is not just vertical toward God but also horizontal to your fellow Christians. Remembering the sacrifice of Christ and sharing a memorial provides a way to unify, grow, and be encouraged by the Church worshiping together.

Even giving is not for God’s benefit. God is the creator who made and owns everything. He does not need our money. The Bible makes it clear that giving benefits the giver. (See Acts 20:35; 2 Corinthians 9:7; and 1 Corinthians 16:2.) The person who never learns to give loses in every aspect of life. A good marriage, good kids, good sex, good recreation, and good health all depend on being able to give freely and unconditionally.

People giving through their local congregations can accomplish significant things in the world. Atheists and agnostics take delight in pointing out every mistake that Christians make, but atheism does not primarily address hunger, disease, broken families, mental illness, and homelessness. The Church worshiping together not only encourages and builds individuals, but it also coordinates resources and directs them to meet real needs.

A person may find that “sitting alone in the woods” brings them more personal pleasure than “going to church,” but it will not address the world’s problems or allow them to be part of something bigger than they could accomplish on their own. “Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together …” (Hebrews 10:25) is not an ego trip for God but a call to action for Christians. The fellowship of the Church worshiping together can have a powerful effect on us individually and on the world.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

The Church Gathering to Pray 

The Church Gathering to Pray

A good friend of mine said, “I get a lot more out of sitting on a log in the woods and listening to the birds than I do out of sitting in a pew and listening to a preacher.” To non-Christians, much of what goes on in a worship service is boring and irrelevant. The problem is that non-Christians, and even many Christians, don’t understand the importance of the Church gathering to pray and worship. Much of this misunderstanding is based on misconceptions about God or a failure to understand what Christianity is about.

The worship service is not something designed to meet a need God has, since God has no needs. He doesn’t need us to pray to Him to let Him know what is happening on Earth! If we understand that “in Him we live and move and have our being” (Acts 17:28), then surely we realize that God is not ignorant of day-to-day events. Jesus said God knows when a sparrow falls to the ground (Matthew 10:29).

Atheists portray God as a jealous egomaniac who uses and exploits people for His own ends. Those who believe God commands prayer for His own needs don’t understand God’s nature. He has no needs or weaknesses. Turning God into a man creates misconceptions that distort the purpose of the Church gathering to pray.

If prayer is not for God’s benefit, then it must clearly be for ours. The beneficial aspects of an active prayer life are widely accepted by anyone who deals with human issues. Learning to look to a higher power is a fundamental part of almost all twelve-step programs for overcoming addictions. The Church gathering to pray together fosters unity and peace.

Jesus condemned those who turned prayer into a public display of their religiosity. In Matthew 6:5, He said, “And when you pray, you shall not be like the hypocrites. For they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by men.” Everything done in a worship service needs to be understood in the same way. It is not to impress others but to fulfill our need to praise and worship God.

 There are other aspects of worshiping together that make it better than “sitting on a log in the woods listening to the birds.” We will deal with those tomorrow.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Genetic Difference Between Humans and Chimpanzees

Genetic Difference Between Humans and Chimpanzees

The media has popularized the myth that the genetic difference between humans and chimpanzees is only 1%. Recent research shows that the variance is 15% or more. What we have here is the old graduate student mentality: “Make sure your data conforms to your conclusions.”  If you are trying to prove that humans came from apes and that genetics supports that faith, you cannot accept the 15% data. The result is the popular 1% myth.

The Bible is silent on how God made the human body, stating only that He formed it “of the dust of the earth” (Genesis 2:7 and 3:19). These verses use the Hebrew word “yatsar,” meaning to form as a potter would shape a vase from clay. The Bible does not tell us how God formed the first human or how long He took to do it.

One thing is clear: both men and women are created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). This refers to the human soul, not the physical body. God is a spiritual being, not a physical one. Humans are uniquely endowed with a soul, a spiritual component that distinguishes humanity from all other life on Earth. The human soul enables us to create music and art, to worship, and to develop the capacity for critical thinking. We are not driven by instinct as animals are.

Some physical components of the human body are similar to those of chimpanzees. Stereoscopic vision, an opposable thumb, and body hair are some genetic similarities. The fact that the genetic similarity between humans and chimpanzees is 85% should not be surprising, given that fruit flies share 60% of their genes with humans. God has used the best design in many features of all animal bodies.

What separates humans from animals is our spiritual makeup, not our genes. However, the 1% genetic difference between humans and chimpanzees is a myth.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

References: Evolution News, the journal Nature, and wikipedia

The Design of the Woodpecker’s Tongue

The Design of the Woodpecker’s Tongue
Pileated woodpecker feeding young

One of the great questions ornithologists must answer is how a woodpecker can pound its beak on wood day after day without suffering brain damage. In previous articles, we have talked about the shock-absorbing features of the woodpecker’s skull. Researchers have learned more as they study the design of the woodpecker’s tongue.

Woodpecker tongues are much longer than their beaks. The design of the woodpecker’s tongue extends back into the skull, wrapping around the brain and looping around the eye socket. Woodpeckers slam their beaks into wood 20 times per second, and the tongue’s unique path acts like a biological seatbelt, distributing impact forces and protecting the brain. The woodpecker’s specialized hyoid apparatus (tongue-supporting bone and soft tissue) is a design feature that helps protect its brain from concussions.

Oak trees line our home office by the St. Joseph River in Michigan. We have five kinds of woodpeckers, ranging from the large pileated woodpecker to the downy woodpecker, which is the size of a house sparrow. Watching wood chips fly as they hammer at the oak trees to reach insects reminds us of God’s design and the impossibility of it resulting from chance mutations.

The Bible calls us to look at the evidence. The more we see, the more we realize that atheists and biblical skeptics must deny more and more of what science learns. As we look at the creation, we see the Creator’s wisdom, even in the design of the woodpecker’s tongue.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: nih.gov

Why We Care About Entropy

Why We Care About Entropy

As a high school physics teacher, I frequently found myself challenged to keep my students interested. Some subjects were easy, but others were challenging, and the kids became bored very quickly. An example of the latter was a unit on the laws of thermodynamics. The second law, also known as the entropy law, states that a closed system tends to become increasingly disordered over time. Entropy is a statistical measure of disorder. During that unit of study, I once had a student who said, “Who cares?” There are good reasons why we care about entropy.

My response is that entropy is a design feature of the cosmos that produces black holes, but it also allows us to breathe and have engines in our cars. As a public-school teacher, I could not bring my religious views into the classroom, but it also disproves one of the atheist arguments against the existence of God.

When we say that God has always existed and He created the cosmos, atheists ask, “Then who created God?” They suggest it is easier to believe that matter has always existed. Why we care about entropy is that it shows that matter and the cosmos have not always existed.

Every reaction in the physical world reduces the amount of energy available to do work. The total energy in the cosmos available to do work is constantly decreasing, eventually becoming zero, and entropy will be maximum. That means the cosmos could not be eternal, and it must have had a beginning. There must be a cause for that beginning, and that cause is God.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Only Humans Can Sing

Only Humans Can Sing

The claim that animals sing just like humans is based on misinformation. Only humans can produce music, a fact supported by both definition and experience. A dictionary definition of music is: “The art of arranging sounds in time that expresses ideas and emotions to produce a continuous, unified, and evocative composition through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre.” The dictionary also gives the following definition of singing: “The use of the human voice to provide a succession of notes to produce a desired effect.” Only humans can sing.

Music has a proven effect on humans. My son Timothy was born with multiple handicaps. He was blind, severely mentally challenged, and had cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, and schizophrenia. What Tim did not have was a problem with his hearing. If we put on a record of one of his favorite artists, he would smile and sit quietly through the entire record.

The Bible records the effect of music on humans. King Saul was mentally disturbed. The one thing that gave him peace was David and his harp (1 Samuel 16:14-16). The Old Testament includes many references to the role of music. In Daniel 3:5-15, we read that Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, used music to call people to worship his gold image. In Ecclesiastes 2:8, we read that Solomon had singers serving him. In Nehemiah 12:27-28, we see that singers and players celebrated the dedication of the restored Jerusalem wall. The Psalms are songs, and many of them refer to making music.

Music has played a significant role in Christianity. Ephesians 5:19 tells Christians to “Speak to one another with psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs.” A psalm is a current expression of needs. A hymn is a song of praise to God. Spiritual songs are songs that instruct or motivate. In recent years, Bill Gaither and others have popularized gospel music.

Can animals do these things? The answer is no. Only humans can sing. Animals make sounds and “songs” for survival purposes. Dogs bark, cats meow, and birds “sing” for survival reasons. Whales in the broad expanse of the ocean contact one another by emitting low frequencies that travel long distances. A cardinal sits outside our window and “sings.” But what is he actually doing? He is saying to all other cardinals, “Stay out of my territory and away from my mate or else.”  He is not creating music.

Animal communication is a demonstration of God’s design and wisdom, but only humans can sing as a product of our spiritual nature in God’s image. Humans need to sing and make music. See Colossians 3:16 and Hebrews 2:12. God created us to enjoy the gift of music and use it to honor Him.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Nighttime Pollinators Are Essential

Nighttime Pollinators Are Essential
Moth on a Lilac

There is considerable media discussion about the plight of bees, attributed to the use of insecticides and to climate change. The media overlooks the fact that bees and butterflies are primarily daytime pollinators. Of the approximately 350,000 flowering plant species, some depend on nighttime pollinators.

The long list of nighttime pollinators includes moths, cockroaches, beetles, slugs, snails, and bats. Many people consider them to be pests, especially cockroaches and beetles. For this reason, they target pollinators by applying chemicals to control them. The result is that desirable plants fail to reproduce and die out.

The answer to this problem is helping people understand the importance of being cautious about what they apply to their plants and why. Christians believe that God has designed all ecosystems, and good stewardship requires protecting what He has given us. People who reject God’s design for life are engaged in chemical warfare, in this case, against nighttime pollinators. 

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: BBC.com “Where bees won’t go: The unloved pollinators of the underworld.”

Roadrunners Run in the Desert

Roadrunners Run in the Desert

In the Warner Bros. cartoons, the Road Runner was always outrunning and outsmarting Wile E. Coyote. In real life, roadrunners can run up to 20 miles (32 km) per hour. Although they can fly, when not escaping predators, roadrunners spend most of their time on the ground. There are two species. The greater roadrunner (Geococcyx californianus) lives in the deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico. The lesser roadrunner (Geococcyx velox) lives in Mexico and Central America. 

Roadrunners are members of the cuckoo family, and like other cuckoos, they have four toes, with two facing forward and two facing backward. When they run through the dust of the desert, they leave tracks that resemble the letter “X,” making it difficult to tell which way they are going. The greater roadrunner is almost 2 feet (60 cm) long from head to tail. The lesser roadrunner is smaller. They eat nearly anything they can find in the desert, even scorpions and snakes. Due to their speed in capturing prey, the greater roadrunner can eat poisonous snakes, including rattlesnakes. 

In the cartoons, the Road Runner makes a sound like “beep beep.” Real roadrunners sound more like the cooing of a dove. Roadrunners don’t migrate, and they stay in their breeding area year-round. They are monogamous and mate for life, with the male and female taking turns incubating the eggs and caring for the young. 

Regardless of what happens to Wyle E. Coyote, he always comes back to try to capture the elusive Road Runner. Desert life is a delicately balanced system. Life in the real desert may not be as funny as in the cartoons, but it’s worth learning about because God’s creations are always fascinating. 

— Roland Earnst © 2025

Ice Crawlers and Ice-Worms

Ice Crawlers
Ice Crawler

As humans enjoy spring’s warmer weather, we are reminded of extremophiles that can only survive in the cold. They include ice crawlers and ice worms.

Ice crawlers (Grylloblatidae), also known as icebugs, are about an inch (3 cm) long. They are nocturnal, spend the daytime under snow, and then emerge at night to forage for dead insects and plant material blown by the wind. They live under logs and deep in crevasses in warmer weather to stay cold. Ice crawlers have no wings and only diminished eyes. Their optimal living temperature is 34-39 degrees F (1-4 C). Lower or much higher temperatures can kill them. They survive on glaciers and ice sheets.

Ice-worms (Mesenchytraeus), also called glacier worms, survive in glacial ice and eat algae and bacteria that live there. They spend their entire life cycle at 32 degrees F (0 C) or lower and will die if the temperature goes above that. These tiny worms move between the ice crystals using small bristles called setae.

Birds that live in high-altitude snow and ice fields feed on ice worms and ice crawlers.  Snow buntings stay in the ice fields year-round, and other birds stop there during migration in the spring and fall.

Many years ago, my daughters and I were on a snowmobile trip in Jasper Provincial Park, Canada. We gazed down into a crevasse and marveled at the beautiful blue color, free of any dirt lines. It was so pure that the ranger guiding us gave us a cup of melted glacial ice to drink. He said a biologist told the park service that the melted glacial ice was safer to drink than distilled water. I questioned that statement, but now we know that ice crawlers and worms do an incredible job of keeping the snow and ice pure. There were birds all around us during that visit, but it was years later before I learned that birds like snow buntings exist.

God’s design of every part of Earth’s biosphere has unique conditions, requiring living things to have special equipment to survive there. The more we see the Earth’s varied environments, the more we see God’s wisdom and creation around us.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

References: Wikipedia “Grylloblattidae” and “Ice Worm

Microplastics and Dementia

Microplastics and Dementia

You may have noticed that dementia is much worse today than it was in the past. Part of that is probably due to people living longer, but life expectancy has not increased enough to fully explain the growth rate of dementia. Perhaps there is a connection between microplastics and dementia.

Researchers from the University of New Mexico have found an amazing correlation between dementia and the concentration of microplastics in human brains. A study of specimens from autopsies found that the brains of people with dementia had as much as five times more microplastics than normal brains. Comparisons of brain tissues from 2016 and 2024 show 50% higher concentrations in the 2024 samples.

Global plastic production doubles every 10 to 15 years, so the problem is only going to get worse. The human brain is designed with a barrier between blood vessels and brain tissue, but some people have weak blood-brain barriers. Skeptics suggest there is a design failure in the human brain because it evolved by chance over time. A better explanation involves human failure to protect our health.

The fact is that pollution is apparently a significant cause of dementia. Like cancer, brain problems are linked to human greed and a failure to use what God has given us as a tool for successful living. Reducing the flow of microplastics into the environment is going to be an uphill battle because cheap alternatives to plastics are not available. Meanwhile, more studies are needed on the connection between microplastics and dementia.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: Nature Medicine at nature.com