Horns and Antlers – What Are They Good For?

Horns and Antlers – What Are They Good For?

Ronald Johnson asked us a question we’ve heard from animal rights advocates before. Are horns on animals only useful for fighting, showing God to be war-like, angry, and sadistic? The God of the Bible is a loving, caring, merciful, and patient God. When there is violence, killing, and war, the cause is always human power struggles and selfish motives, not the will of God. So, what other purposes do animal horns serve? Here are four non-violent uses for horns and antlers:

1) Horns act as shovels that help animals access food sources they otherwise could not reach. Vegetation is often either too high or too far underground for many animals to reach. Horns allow animals to break off hard-to-reach vegetation or move logs or rocks to reach food sources.

2) Antlers store nutrients that other animals recycle. Many animals, birds, and insects eat discarded antlers to get the extra nutrients they contain.

3) Horns and antlers are used as communication tools with other animals of their kind. Those of us who spend a lot of time in the woods have seen “deer rubs.” This is when a deer uses its antlers to scrape a mark on a tree, signaling its presence, size, and how long ago it was there to other deer.

4) Horns serve as shields against predators like hawks, eagles, falcons, wolves, bears, lions, hyenas, tigers, cheetahs, dogs, and other carnivores. The animal with horns can protect itself and others nearby. I have seen musk oxen defend their young by forming a ring around them with all the horned animals facing outward. A pack of wolves circled the group but never tried to attack.

Animals certainly have other uses for horns and antlers, but the main point is that in most animals, they are rarely used for fighting. God has provided all living things with what they need to live on our planet, and we can see His wisdom and design in the things He has made (Romans 1:20).

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Kelp Forests Enrich the Earth

Kelp Forests Enrich the Earth
Giant Kelp

In our era of environmental threats, it’s reassuring to know there are solutions to some of the problems we face. God has created a form of life that purifies water and the atmosphere from pollutants, including human-made toxins and carbon emissions. At the same time, it supplies nutrients for marine life. We find this solution in the ocean’s kelp forests.

Kelp forests are 20 times more effective at absorbing carbon dioxide than similarly sized land-based forests. Kelp is plentiful along the west coast of the United States and grows on the coasts of Maine, Long Island, the United Kingdom, Norway, Tasmania, southern Africa, Argentina, and Japan. Kelp supports over 1000 species of marine plants and animals and provides roughly half of the oxygen we breathe. Kelp can also be used to make alternatives to plastics and chemical fertilizers used in agriculture. It can grow almost anywhere, including on abandoned oil rigs along various coastlines.

The Genesis account does not mention ocean life forms because the Fertile Crescent was far from an ocean coastline. Just as God knew humans would need coal, iron, copper, and other minerals, He provided kelp forests to shape the Earth for human survival. Science helps us understand how dinosaurs, diatoms, and many other animal forms not described in Genesis were God’s tools to prepare Earth for humans. We are in awe of God’s wisdom and creative power.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: Smithsonian Magazine for December 2025, pages 76-86, and smithsonianmag.com.

Healthy and Unhealthy Food

The Bible clearly shows how God provided food for humans. Genesis 2:8-9 explains that God planted a garden in Eden where He placed the first couple, and “the Lord God made all kinds of trees grow out of the ground–trees that were pleasing to the eye and good for food.” Today, we have a choice between healthy and unhealthy food.

In Genesis 9:3, God tells Noah, “Everything that lives and moves will be food for you. Just as I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything.” Later, God forbade the eating of animals that carry disease, like vultures, and prohibited drinking blood, but what God created for humans to eat is quite clear and beneficial.

In recent years, humans have created foods that are not healthy. Some seasonings may improve flavor, but they can be unhealthy. This leaves us with a choice between healthy and unhealthy food. The worst offenders include salt, refined sugar, ethyl alcohol, and animal fat. Science shows that these cause vascular problems and excessive weight gain. Increasing evidence links diet to mental health issues, memory problems, heart problems, kidney failure, and sexual dysfunction.

All of this strongly supports the Bible’s inspiration. When you see how accurate biblical instructions about what humans should eat are, it’s hard to see that as a coincidence. The negative effects of an unhealthy diet often appear long after the bad food is eaten. God created good food to meet human needs, but, as with everything else, negative consequences often result when humans modify what God has provided.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Helicopters and Dragonflies

Helicopters and Dragonflies

Igor Sikorsky is recognized as the father of the modern helicopter, but what may not be as widely known is how he gathered the information that led to its development. This is the story of helicopters and dragonflies.

Sikorsky dedicated years to observing birds and insects to understand how to achieve stable, controlled flight. Dragonflies stood out because their wings operate independently, each capable of rotating, tilting, and shifting angles to produce quick changes in lift.

As helicopter technology has advanced, engineers continue to draw inspiration from the dragonfly. Its sideways dashes, backward flight, sudden stops, and precise hovering are still studied by engineers. Even the dragonfly’s timing patterns, rotational wing strokes, and quick lift adjustments have been emulated to improve the stability of helicopter rotor systems.

Dragonflies offer a blueprint for aerial agility, and their design is an engineering marvel. The big question is how the dragonfly’s design came about. It seems impossible to explain this complexity as the result of random chance. It appears to be a design from a Master Engineer.

Helicopters and dragonflies serve as another example of biomimicry and provide evidence that all life is a product of intelligence, demonstrating the truth of Romans 1:20 that we can know there is a God through the things He has made. as made.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

The Prodigal Son and Modern Atheists

The Prodigal Son and Modern Atheists

One of the best-known stories Jesus told was about a farmer with two sons. The story is often called the parable of the prodigal son, but I think it should be better called the parable of the father’s love. I see a similarity between the prodigal son and modern atheists.

In the story, the extravagant or wasteful son (that’s what “prodigal” means) wanted his father to give him his inheritance. Basically, he was saying, “You are as good as dead to me. Give me what’s mine so I can waste it.” That’s exactly what the father did, and the son quickly forgot about the father and showed no respect for what he had received. The pleasures of the world became all he cared about, and the father’s gifts were quickly wasted and destroyed.

The son’s attitude could be summed up as, “Give me what you have, and I will enjoy it.” Isn’t that what atheists say to God? While the son was at home with his father, he could enjoy everything the father provided, but he wanted to enjoy his father’s blessings on his own terms, without being bound by his father’s rules or expectations. The heavenly Father provides abundant blessings for us to enjoy, but many adopt the prodigal attitude. The pursuit of pleasure often becomes the main goal for those who reject God.

As the story unfolds, the prodigal realizes that the father’s loving care wasn’t so bad after all. Wasteful extravagance leads to despair and a dead end. Meanwhile, the father’s love never wavered, and he was watching for his son’s return. When he saw his son coming back, he didn’t wait for him to arrive to scold him for his foolishness. The father ran to meet his son with loving forgiveness.

The father symbolizes God, and as far as I can tell, that’s the only time in the entire Bible when God is described as being in a hurry. God runs to meet the returning son. The atheist who has rejected God’s love and comfort and refused His authority can be immediately welcomed home by the Father’s love.

The similarity between the prodigal son and modern atheists is clear. When the pleasures of the world fade and their so-called friends abandon them, God is still waiting to welcome the wasteful, unworthy, but repentant wanderers back into a loving home.

— Roland Earnst © 2025

Reference: Luke 15:11-32

Objections to Proselytizing

Objections to Proselytizing
J.D. and Usha Vance

Vice President J.D. Vance raised an issue at the end of October 2025 when he expressed hope that his Hindu wife would convert to Christianity. This has sparked a lot of debate about whether it is moral or ethical for Christians to try to convert people of other faiths. In the days of Christ, many people became proselytes to Judaism. (See Matthew 23:15, Acts 2:10, and 13:43.) The apostles brought many Jews into the Christian faith, and in Acts 6:5, one convert is identified as Nicolas, a proselyte of Antioch. Today, there are strong objections to proselytizing on the grounds that it can lead to cultural loss and increased prejudice.

Such objections to proselytizing are inconsistent at best. If someone’s religion demands human sacrifice, are we wrong to lead them to the Christian faith? Polygamy, a highly destructive practice found in many Eastern religions, Islam, Mormonism, and some Native American tribes, is another example. Women’s rights have advanced in modern times primarily through Christianity, and passages like Galatians 3:28 clearly state that women are equal to men in every way and should not be viewed as possessions.

The point is that many religions teach harmful ideas. Sometimes, destructive groups like the Ku Klux Klan falsely claim to be “Christian.” Jesus provided a test for authentic religious practice when He said, “By their fruits you shall know them” (Matthew 7:15-20). Compare the fruits of Islam and Hinduism with what Christianity has brought to the world. How many schools, hospitals, nursing homes, care facilities, and food banks have been established by churches or individuals expressing their Christian faith? The same question can be asked about other religious faiths worldwide.

J.D. Vance’s wife, Usha, is the daughter of Hindu parents who were atheists and agnostics. Usha Vance has supported her husband’s decision to raise their three children as Christians, and the two oldest attend a Christian school. We make no apologies for our efforts to share what the Christian faith has to offer, including a better life now and eternal life after. We do this because we believe it’s in the best interest of every human on Earth. Objections to proselytizing for the Christian faith are not in humanity’s best interest.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: msn.com

Ignorance About Satan

Ignorance About Satan

There is widespread ignorance about Satan among people of all faiths. From comic strips in newspapers to numerous movies, we often see false portrayals of who or what Satan is. In comics, Satan is depicted wearing a red suit, with a tail and horns. While these images of a physical Satan may be entertaining, they are misleading and can cause many doubts, especially among young people.

In the Bible, Satan is described as the hater, accuser, adversary, or opposing spirit. The most detailed reference to Satan is in the New Testament, where the Greek term “diabolos” is translated as “devil” and “Beelzebub.” He is also called “prince of this world” (John 14:30) and “prince of the power of the air” (Ephesians 2:2).

Throughout the New Testament, various descriptions reveal how Satan’s force operates. John 8:44 states that Satan is the father of lies. In 1 Peter 5:8, Peter describes Satan as a roaring lion walking around to seek whom he may devour. James 4:7 adds that Satan is a coward who will flee if resisted.

According to the Bible, the purpose of human life is that humans play a key role in the ongoing war between good and evil. This is clearly illustrated in Job 1-2, where God and Satan confront each other over whether good or evil is superior. Atheism offers no purpose for human existence, so only faith can provide an answer to this question. Jesus repeatedly provided solutions to Satan’s attacks.

We learn in John 4:24 that God is a Spirit. Ephesians 6:12 explains that “our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms.” Ephesians 3:10-11 shows that God’s goal was that through the Church (the called-out souls, not a building or denomination) “the manifold wisdom of God should be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly realms according to His eternal purpose which He accomplished through Jesus Christ our Lord.”

Satan is real, but he is a spiritual being, not a cartoon character or a misguided human as depicted in movies. Ignorance about Satan is a serious matter because it has eternal consequences.  

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Evidence for the Existence of a Creator in the Big Bang

Evidence for the Existence of a Creator in the Big Bang
Big Bang Timeline

Cosmology offers compelling evidence for the existence of a creator God. Many people in both religious and skeptical communities see the Big Bang theory as a threat to the credibility of the Genesis account and the existence of God. However, this is unfortunate because the Big Bang theory actually aligns with the Genesis account and presents a cause of creation that skeptics cannot explain.

Technology has confirmed the Big Bang. The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) provides the oldest record of the universe’s temperature and density from the very beginning. The latest CMB data show that the universe began with a hot Big Bang. Data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe verify that time started at the Big Bang.

The words of Genesis 1:1 fully correspond to this data. The first word in the Bible is “reshith,” meaning an absolute starting point. The next word refers to God, followed by “bara,” a term used exclusively for acts only God can perform. Then, we see the word is “shamayim,” meaning “heaved-up things.” The rapid expansion of the universe aligns perfectly with this wording.

Further study of the biblical record reveals the ongoing battle between good and evil and God’s creation of humans through whom that battle occurs. (See Job 1 and 2.) Skeptics cannot explain why humans exist. The greatest failure of atheism is that it offers no reason for the existence of the cosmos or human life. When science and religion conflict, it often indicates either poor science, poor religion, or both. Historically, this has been the case with the Big Bang theory, but as science progresses and people deepen their understanding of what the Bible truly teaches, we see that both science and Scripture provide strong evidence for the existence of a Creator.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: American Scientist, November/December 2025, pages 353 -359.

Inside a Tree Trunk

Inside a Tree Trunk

There is so much about the everyday things in our lives that we don’t understand. When we see a tree, we have no idea what lives inside that tree’s trunk. Recent studies by scientists have found that inside a tree trunk there are entire communities of bacteria. A single mature tree hosts about one trillion bacteria, with different communities living in various layers.

What is especially remarkable is that some of the bacteria living deep inside a tree trunk are anaerobic, meaning they don’t need oxygen and produce methane. The outer layers of wood may absorb some of the methane, but more research is needed on that. The study’s lead author said that the inside of a tree trunk is more like a wetland, where anaerobic bacteria and methane producers thrive in low-oxygen environments.

Poets like Robert Frost and Joyce Kilmer have written famous poems about trees. While we admire the beauty of a tree and enjoy its leaves and their fall colors when they lose chlorophyll and turn vibrant, we often don’t think about what it takes to create them. In a desert, humans seek an oasis where conditions permit trees to grow. Most of the time, we take trees for granted and never consider what’s inside a tree trunk.

Genesis 1:12 tells us that God formed trees (the Hebrew word “ets”) as a special creation, separate from grasses or gymnosperms. That simple statement hides how complex it really is to make a tree trunk. As Romans 1:12 states, “We can know there is a God through the things He has made,” and the trees we see in our yard or garden demonstrate how much intelligence is needed to create a simple piece of wood.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: Scientific American, November 2025, pages 20-21.

Paranthropus boisei – The Media’s Man

Paranthropus boisei – The Media’s Man
Paranthropus boisei 3-D Reconstruction

A Reuters article by Will Dunham claims that bones linked to an extinct human relative have been discovered in Kenya. Soon after this article was published, we received emails asking if this supposedly disproves the biblical account of Adam and Eve. Paranthropus boisei is another example of the media seizing an opportunity to undermine the Bible. Let’s examine the evidence:

1) The fossils have been assigned to the species Paranthropus boisei. The first discovery of this species was made in 1959 by Mary and Louis Leakey, who described the specimen as “gorilla-like.” The brain volume is 450 to 550 cubic centimeters, which is chimp-sized. By comparison, the average human brain is 1,300 to 1,400 cc. In 1959, the media nicknamed Paranthropus boisei “Nutcracker man” because of its large teeth and powerful chewing muscles.

2) Hand bones of the specimen indicate it could make and use stone tools. Today, we know that tool use does not necessarily demonstrate a direct connection to humans. Even birds use tools to extract insects from holes, and monkeys break open coconuts with large rocks.

3) The fossils show that Paranthropus boisei could walk upright on two legs. Many animals can walk on two legs, including birds, kangaroos, some monkeys, and some dinosaurs. An erect posture has nothing to do with whether a fossil is from a human ancestor.

The biblical definition of a human is a life form created in the image of God. This is a spiritual likeness, not a physical one. In Genesis 2:7, we read, “And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground.” The Hebrew word translated “formed” is “yatsar,” meaning to shape or mold, as an artist shapes a statue. If God used physical prototypes to house His spiritual creation, that is not a problem.

Paranthropus boisei has no bearing on the biblical account or the human spiritual nature in God’s image. This is simply another desperate attempt by the media to discredit the Bible.

— John N. Clayton © 2025

Reference: reuters.com